Important: the VIN pin on the Arduino has no polarity protection, double check your connections before turning it on! Note: if you're using really shitty fans, you should add a flyback diode between the ground and power pins of each fan. Note that the Arduino can only take up to 12V as input in the VIN pin, and the Arduino and the fan MUST share the same ground! If you have a 24V fan, you'll have to power both the fan and the Arduino externally. If unsure, power the Arduino and the fan in parallel with a 5V supply connected to both the fan and the 5V pin. If you have a 5V fan, you can power it directly from the 5V pin on the Arduino, but I don't recommend it if it draws more than 4-500 mA, as it could damage the voltage regulator on the Arduino, and also generate noise that could cause the Arduino to be unstable. It's a good idea to put a diode in front of the VIN pin if you have it, that way you can connect both the 12V and the USB without damaging anything. If you have a 12V fan, the best way to power it is to put the Arduino and the fan in parallel, using the VIN pin to power the Arduino. Polarity protection is a requirement of the spec so even if you force it, you won't damage the motherboard or the fan. Notice the presence of a notch on the connector: this is to ensure that you don't connect it backwards, and also to ensure compatibility with older 3 pin connectors. Yellow: +5V, +12V or +24V (depends on fan model, usually 12V for desktops, 5V for laptops).This is the pinout of a standard PWM fan: We can connect up to 3 PWM fans to a single Arduino. The exact specs of these fans were made by Intel in the mid-00s and are available here: Original | Latest version | Noctua Connecting the fan to the Arduino This allows the BIOS to change the fan speed according to the current temperatures using a PWM signal instead of changing the voltage of the fan, which means that motherboards are cheaper to make (less voltage regulators), but also that fans are much easier to control, since DC motors won't even move below a certain voltage threshold.
#4 pin fan pinout pwm how to
How to properly control PWM fans with Arduino IntroductionĬomputers have been using PWM-controlled fans for ages now (they're the ones with a 4 pin connector).
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